近期,一项IDC的报告显示,开源软件(已经远不只限于Linux)正在以越来越强劲的势头发展着。通过一项在116个国家,5000多名开发人员之间进行的调查,IDC得出结论:开源软件表现出一种自1980年早期以来,软件业再未出现过的广泛而长期的发展趋势。


   IDC
在调查研究中发现,开源软件已经深入各方面的应用,并且已经覆盖了四分之三的企业和成千上万个软件项目。市场调查公司表示,他们希望看到开源软件最终能在所有主流的软件领域中扮演重要角色,并彻底改变用户对软件的价值观。 

 IDC的报告中提到,开源软件正在被全世界71%的开发人员使用着。而且开源软件在54%的被调查者所在公司的软件产品中得到应用。同时,有半数被调查者表示开源软件在他们的公司中得到的应用仍在增长。

根据IDC的调查报告显示:
1)在今后10年内,开源软件会以恶意价格竞争在业界内获得较低的两位数百分比增长。 
2)价格影响对开源软件应用的冲击并不严重,更具决定性的因素是开源软件在整个软件创造和创新的生命周期中所起的作用。 
3)开源许可的形式日新月异,但对一个成功的业界或个人开源软件生产者而言,最重要的是三个商业模式:软件收费模式、公开共享模式、服务代理模式。 
4)在开源市场的竞争中取得胜利,决定性因素将是一系列核心资格取得认证,而不是那些需要为新产品开辟新市场的模式。 

 IDC全球软件研究中心高级副总裁安东尼?皮卡尔迪博士(Anthony Picardi)表示:虽然开源软件会在十年内大幅影响业界内的发展机会,但它带来的最大影响是在成熟的软件市场中持续引起创新,从而延长现有软件的使用寿命,节约用户的资金。

皮卡尔迪博士在最后做出总结:随着商业需求的改变,在吸引新用户来维持现有产品模式的同时,软件业的竞争范围也将转向成本降低,为明智的用户提供创新,同时向希望只付出传统许可费用的一小部分用户所组成的新兴市场领域提供新的主流软件。开源软件对维持创新者而言是绝佳的资源。

Posted on October 19, 2006 9:33 PM | | Comments (0) | TrackBacks (0)

开源软件在企业的数据中心已经开始部署,这是不争的事实。所以你不要看见开源软件公司的兴起而感到惊奇。不光光是Linux,还有其他的开源软件产品已经可以替代同行业中的专利软件产品。从数据库到应用服务器,再到网络管理程序、灾难修复等等。所有的这一切都在迅速的发生。但是想要知道那一款开源软件产品真正的适合你的企业吗?看看我们给你推荐的几个新兴开源软件公司,主要有CleversafeDigiumHyperic等等。

原文如下:Open source software is a given in most enterprise data centers, so it's not surprising to see the ranks of open source companies and projects swell. It's not just Linux anymore - community-developed software is offering alternatives for everything from databases to application servers to network management to disaster preparedness. How do you know which open source approach is right for you? We've pulled out a few start-ups that you might not be familiar with, but we think should be on your radar. Here are ten open source start-ups to watch: Company name: Cleversafe Founded: November 2004 Location: Chicago, U.S. What does the company offer? The Linux File System, which lets Linux computers store information on a dispersed storage grid called the Cleversafe Research Storage Grid. The company plans to offer commercial dispersed-data storage services and software. Why is it worth watching? As companies start taking a closer look at building grids, Cleversafe provides an open source platform to serve as the foundation for commercial dispersedstorage grids that provide secure storage because data components are scrambled and stored in separate locations. How did the company get its start? The founders were looking for a better way to secure the world's data. How did the company get its name? A clever approach to secure computing. CEO and background: Christopher Gladwin, formerly of MusicNow. Funding: Private, plus angel investors, amount not disclosed. Who's using the product? There have been nearly 800 downloads of the software from SourceForge.net, where the project is hosted, since the grid was announced in April. Company name: Digium Founded: 1999 Location: Alabama, U.S. What does the company offer? Asterisk, the industry's first open source PBX, and Asterisk Business Edition, a professional grade version of the software. Why is it worth watching? The open source Asterisk software is making it easier and more cost-effective for companies to launch VoIP projects. "What [Digium] can do for telephony is incredibly powerful and disruptive," says David Skok, a general partner at Matrix Partners. How did the company get its start? Mark Spencer was 21 when he built a telephone system for his Linux Support Services company, using the Linux operating system. Spencer contributed the code he developed to the open source community, and the project became known as Asterisk. How did the company get its name? It was just one of the names tossed out by Spencer and a few colleagues. CEO and background: Spencer was a computer-engineering student at Auburn University when he created Asterisk for Linux Support Services. He shifted his business focus from Linux support to supporting Asterisk. Funding: $13.8 million from Matrix Partners in August 2006. Who's using the product? Discovery Research, Sam Houston University . Company name: Hyperic Founded: March 2004 Location: San Francisco, U.S. What does the company offer? Hyperic HQ, an open source platform for managing heterogeneous IT environments, including operating systems and Web, application, database, middleware, and virtualization technology. The company also provides subscription-based services and support, as well as advanced features. Why is it worth watching? Application and Web monitoring from big vendors such as CA, IBM and BMC Software can be bulky, complex and difficult to deploy. Hyperic takes a different approach to Web infrastructure management and has created a simpler tool that lets IT managers monitor commercial and open source technologies from a single portal. The company's extensive open source experience - the founders helped develop the Apache Web server - adds to its appeal. How did the company get its start? Company founders originally developed management technology while at Covalent Technologies, a firm that provides enterprise support for Apache deployments, and decided to spin off from Covalent to create a company focused strictly on the management software. How did the company get its name? The company's name originally was to have been Hyperica, but one of the founders "mysteriously left out the 'a' in the company incorporation documents and Hyperic was born," says Javier Soltero, Hyperic's CEO. He notes that Hyperic is a derivative of hypericin, the active ingredient in the St. John's Wort herbal antidepressant. Maybe Hyperic will turn out to be the antidepressant for over-taxed systems administrators. CEO and background: Soltero was chief architect at Covalent Technologies and a senior engineer at Netscape. Funding: $3.8 million from Accel Partners & Benchmark Capital in May 2006. Who's using the product? eHarmony, National Semiconductor, Ogilvy & Mather, La Quinta Inn. Company name: Optaros Founded: July 2004 Location: Boston, Switzerland What does the company offer? Consulting and systems integration services focused on open source software. Why is it worth watching? Optaros can be the guiding hand for enterprises considering using open source software to solve business problems. It helps customers determine where open source makes the most sense and helps put together open source components to create platforms for business. How did the company get its start? In 2004, company founders recognized that as enterprise users became increasingly comfortable with Linux, open source would move up the stack into software. The company was founded to provide support for midsize and large companies bringing in open source business applications. How did the company get its name? The name Optaros comes from the Latin optare, "to choose." CEO and background: Bob Gett, formerly CEO of Internet consulting firm Viant, as well as CIO of Fidelity and Smith Barney. Funding: $7 million from Charles River Ventures and General Catalyst in 2005. Who's using the product? The Christian Science Monitor, Movielink, Kaplan Higher Learning. Company name: Qlusters Founded: 2001; contributed its management software to the open source community in January of this year. Location: Palo Alto What does the company offer? OpenQRM, an open source systems management platform. Why is it worth watching? The number of open source systems-management vendors is growing, and while openQRM was made open source in January 2006, it has proved its worth in commercial deployments during the last two years. The open source platform benefits enterprise customers by offering plug-ins that let the platform hook into existing systems, whether open source, proprietary or internally developed. How did the company get its start? Entrepreneur Ofer Shoshan started the company with the idea of creating mainframe-like manageability for commodity hardware. How did the company get its name? Founders considered it a unique name that would be easily found through search engine queries. CEO and background: Shoshan has more than 16 years of experience starting and managing high-tech companies and projects in Israel, and most recently was entrepreneur-in-residence at Israel Seed Partners. Funding: $23 million in two rounds; investors include Benchmark Capital, Charles River Ventures, Duff Ackerman & Goodrich, and Israel Seed Partners. Who's using the product? Canada's Loblaw food chain and New York City-based Tradeware Global. Company name: rPath Founded: April 2005; launched in January 2006 Location: North Carolina, U.S. What does the company offer? rBuilder, an open source platform that includes a tailored version of Linux to create preconfigured, pretested application appliances that can be downloaded and deployed by enterprise users in minutes. Why is it worth watching? Server virtualization is paving the way for simpler application deployments, in which an operating system and application can be packaged and deployed in a virtual machine for flexibility. VMware has begun offering preconfigured, prepackaged application appliances, but rPath provides an open source foundation for independent software vendors (ISV) to use in creating these appliances. Enterprise users should be watching and pushing their ISVs to take this approach, because such application appliances mean the end of complex, multi-component application deployments. How did the company get its start? After leaving Red Hat in 2003, engineer Erik Troan was looking at ways to make open source more consumable and came up with technology to build application appliances. How did the company get its name? Rpath is technology used in Unix systems to search for shared libraries. "We were thinking we want to let applications find the software components they need to work, which is analogous to how an operating system finds a library that it needs to work," Troan says. CEO and background: Billy Marshall, formerly Red Hat's vice president of North America sales, with an earlier stint at IBM Global Services. Funding: $6.4 million in January from North Bridge Venture Partners and General Catalyst. Who's using the product? Department of Energy, Digium, Ingres. Company name: Sahana Founded: January 2005 Location: A community-driven project hosted on SourceForge.net and sponsored by the Lanka Software Foundation, a Sri Lanka-based nonprofit committed to promoting open source software development. What does the company offer? A secure Web portal that includes applications used to coordinate and collaborate during relief efforts following disasters. Why is it worth watching? The Sahana Project illustrates the humanitarian benefit of open source; it can be useful to large organizations dealing with the aftermath of disasters. How did the company get its start? The project was launched following the Asian tsunami to create a flexible, customizable framework of pluggable applications free from the licensing worries of commercial software. How did the company get its name? Sahana means "relief" in the Sri Lankan native tongue. Who's using the product? Used by the government in Sri Lanka during the Asian tsunami and the government in Pakistan during the 2005 earthquake. Sarvodaya, a charity organization in Sri Lanka, is predeploying Sahana to manage its disaster response. Company name: WSO2 Founded: August 2005 Location: Boston, London, Sri Lanka What does the company offer? Tungsten, an Apache-based open source application server built from the ground up to handle Web services. The company is planning to roll out a line of Web-services-focused, Apache-based middleware, with its Titanium Enterprise Service Bus due for release soon. Why is it worth watching? Most existing middleware was designed to handle transaction-heavy, Java-based applications, so Web-services capabilities had to be layered on top. WSO2 is building its middleware specifically for Web services and using an open source model to encourage community involvement in its development. How did the company get its start? Former IBM and CA executives decided the current approach to handling Web services - putting a layer in front of a Java-based platform to perform Web services - was not the best approach. The company was launched to create middleware that puts Web services first. How did the company get its name? The idea behind the company was to reinvigorate, or oxygenate, Web services, thus WSO2 stands for Web services and oxygen. CEO and background: Sanjiva Weerawarana, formerly at IBM Research, where he co-authored several Web-services specifications and became the driving force behind IBM's Web-services strategy. Funding: $4 million from Intel Capital. Who's using the product? Undisclosed; targeting financial services. Company name: Zenoss Founded: August 2005 Location: Maryland, U.S. What does the company offer? Open source network and systems-monitoring software. Why is it worth watching? Zenoss provides a management package that lets users manage and monitor everything from network devices to servers to applications to environmental conditions. The free software should be of interest to midsize companies, which haven't had access to this functionality in the past because of cost issues. How did the company get its start? Erik Dahl, who spent 15 years in IT management at firms such as application service provider Usinternetworking, began working on management software in 2002 after years of frustration working with the big enterprise suites from companies such as BMC, CA, HP and IBM. How did the company get its name? Zen plus OSS [open source software]. "We are bringing the Zen of open source to IT management," says Bill Karpovich, co-founder and CEO. CEO and background: Bill Karpovich, who previously held executive positions at companies such as Usinternetworking and Digex, as well as time with Accenture, where he focused on technical architecture of next generation information systems. Funding: $4.8 million in August in A Round led by Boulder Ventures and Intersouth Partners, previous funding by private investors and the state of Maryland. Who's using the product? Commercial clients include Mercy Hospital of Baltimore and CableVision of New York. Company name: Zmanda Founded: September 2005 Location: California, U.S. What does the company offer? A commercial version of the open source AMANDA (Advanced Maryland Automatic Network Disk Archiver) backup utility software, as well as services and support for the software. Why is it worth watching? By basing its products on open source software, Zmanda can offer a cost-effective data protection alternative to costly proprietary offerings from companies such as EMC. How did the company get its start? Founders saw the benefits of open source and the success of the AMANDA project that had launched in 1992 and wanted to provide enterprise-class services around it. How did the company get its name? A play on AMANDA - providing storage backup and recovery from A to Z. CEO and background: Chander Kant, who previously founded and ran LinuxCertified and was an executive at Veritas and SGI. Funding: $5 million from Blue Run Ventures and Canaan Partners Who's using the product? Cycorp, Berkeley Design Automation Senior Editor Deni Connor contributed to this story.

Posted on October 19, 2006 9:32 PM | | Comments (0) | TrackBacks (0)

Web服务战火方酣,网络业巨人Google、雅虎及微软近来相继加强火力,将过去自有或只提供给少数合作伙伴的程序开发界面(API)开放给更大量的开发人员,以便争取更多使用者。

  网络巨人Google本月初宣布其桌面应用开发界面(API)通过Universal Gadgets网站开放给网站开发人员,以便他们能在自己的网站上加入Google的Gadgets。

  仅仅三天之前,雅虎才将拥有广大用户的电子邮件雅虎 Mail源代码开放出来。而事实上,此举只是雅虎长期计划的一环。自去年年中开始,雅虎即通过Yahoo! Developer Network网站,将其包括Widget、Yahoo! Messenger外挂程序等程序函式库、API开放出来。

  “大家印象中雅虎是一个服务供应商,却忘了我们也拥有许多先进的技术,”雅虎台湾资深产品经理林志强指出,将源代码开放出来,除了展现雅虎的技术成果外,也有助于加速雅虎服务价值链的形成,例如拍卖可以带动程序开发教学以及商品管理工具更快问世。

  提供种种诱因拉拢开发商向来是软件或IT企业常用的手段,目的在壮大生态系(ecosystem)。而BEA、IBM或Sun等商用软件公司近年也多次将源代码开放出来,借此吸引更多开发人员使用其软件平台。

  随着网络应用走向多元化型态,以及竞争愈来愈激烈,迫使网络巨人再也无法单打独斗。Ajax为基础的混搭式(Mash-up)应用让使用者可以将取自其他网站的元件组合成一项服务。

  而连网应用程序的用户端,除了浏览器之外,现在又多了即时通讯(Instant Messenging, IM)及Widget。谁能获得最多使用者,就愈有可能是这场战争的最后赢家。

  雅虎总部软件开发员关系计划主管即指出,雅虎是非常大的一家公司,但仍无法设计出每一个使用者想要的每一个应用功能,通过开放源代码出来,就可以有几万种出自雅虎邮件服务的小型应用软件。

  从操作系统及PC软件起家的微软,也积极投入在线服务。为了迎战Google与雅虎,微软积强化MSN-以及MSN部门下的Live.com--成为在线服务的平台。

  在开发者人员方面,除了通过微软开发者网络(MSDN)网站召募软件开发人员,MSN部门也针对Gadget推出微软gadgets.com开发者资源网站。微软MSN部门副总经理林燕指出,微软gadgets.com中文版预计在下半年推出,不过详细时程未定。

  然而,网络服务企业开源策略的运用,着眼的利益似乎不像软件公司那么明显。商用软件公司开放源代码可以借由让开发人员习惯其工具、甚至套用“温水煮青蛙”的手法绑住开发人员,进而确保其未来升级到需要付费的进阶版本。

  然而不论是对Google、雅虎而言,同样的举措看来只是新的互联网风潮下,另一个不知如何产生实质营收的商业模式。

  微软林燕并不同意这个说法。“广告已被证实是可获利的营收模式,其他公司也都已借此获利,”除了传统在线广告,还有搜索、影音广告、等等。她补充,许多客户都已使用微软API开发各种形式广告,像是MSN Messenger广告等。

  “通过创造更好的使用者经验,就能创造更多营收的机会,”她说。

  雅虎则认为,开放源代码是等网络公司对于新的网络风潮的一种回应。“最直接效益是带入更多使用者…然而对于营收有多少正面刺激,效果有待讨论,”林志强说。

  不过他认为,开放API,立即的利益并不是最重要考虑,“通过开放一个公开的使用环境,确保各种怪异与新式组合出现,体现Web 2.0开放、共享精神乃是最大意义所在。”

Posted on October 19, 2006 9:31 PM | | Comments (0) | TrackBacks (0)

  CNET科技资讯网10月13日国际报道 欧盟委员会正在实施一项计划,使公共机构可以更方便地共享开放源代码代码和应用软件。

   名为“Open Source Observatory and Repository(OSOR)”的该项目旨在改进开放源代码项目的回报,提高应用程序的互操作性。这一计划只针对公共机构,由于欧盟范围内的国家和地 区性政府正在实施大量的类似计划,欧盟委员会相信这一计划能够获得成功。

  OSOR是对欧盟委员会现有的Open Source Observatory Web 门户的扩展,主要的扩展是创建一个源代码和目标代码,有关应用程序使用的信息,以及许可的“仓库”。

  欧盟电子政府服务部门的负责人、该项目的倡导者卡里尔说,新的OSOR将成为加速成员国“软件池”建立的首选合作工具。

  但其他人则对OSOR的成功不大乐观。NetProject老板埃迪表示,我对政府管理开放源代码项目源代码的计划的必要性持怀疑态度,SourceForge 已经能够为我们提供我们所需要的所有工具。

  Google也实施了类似的项目。OSOR将于明年晚些时候开始运行。

Posted on October 14, 2006 7:23 PM | | Comments (0) | TrackBacks (0)

Introduction

GeOxygene aims at providing an open framework which implements OGC/ISO specifications for the development and deployment of geographic (GIS) applications. It is a open source contribution of the COGIT laboratory at the IGN (Institut Géographique National), the French National Mapping Agency. It is released under the terms of the LGPL (GNU Lesser General Public License) license.

GeOxygene is based on Java and open source technologies and provides users with an extensible object data model (geographic features, geometry, topology and metadata) which implements OGC specifications and ISO standards in the geographic information domain. The support of the Java interfaces developped by the open source GeoAPI project is planned.

Data are stored in a relational DBMS (RDBMS) to ensure a rapid and reliable access to the system but users do not have to worry about any SQL statements: they model their applications in UML and code in Java. Mapping between object and relational environments is performed with open source software. At present, OJB is supported and the mapping files for the storage of geographic information in Oracle or PostGIS are provided to users.

http://oxygene-project.sourceforge.net

 


 

Posted on August 20, 2006 12:59 AM | | Comments (0) | TrackBacks (0)

Zimbra是一个开源的邮件系统,其操作界面和 Gmail 类似,Zimbra 把 Ajax 运用得淋漓尽致,甚至有过之而无不及。它还运用了 Javascript 的 Prototype ,诸如 drag and drop 也用上了(移动邮件到其他目录的操作)

别的不多说,其官方站:http://www.zimbra.com/index.html

源码,二进制码,文档,一应具全

Posted on August 13, 2006 10:46 PM | | Comments (0) | TrackBacks (0)

   2006年6月2,北京闷热,时值中午,空气中弥漫着汗味。走在北京展览馆的软博会现场,李由婉女士面色疲惫。为了寻找会议指南上的开源会议现场,她已经楼上楼下跑了一圈。找到指南中所说的会议地点——“第五会议室”,大门洞开,几个搞清洁的女工在闲聊。

 


   “开源分会,我之前从来没听说过。”李女士说,本来是为了学习新技术,没想到白跑一趟,是个空会场。李由婉女士的名片显示,她是冶金自动化研究设计院的高级工程师。接触IT技术时间虽然不长,她却是一个热情的学习者。“我对软件技术感兴趣,下面我还要去听一个多媒体技术的会议。”李女士讲,由于工作中会时常参加评标,对多媒体知识需要多一些了解。


 


? ?“真遗憾,它怎么会不开呢?”一边念叨着,李女士还不忘追问一句:“开源,就是开放源代码吗?”


 


??? 三人企业也能用的ERP


 


? ?“开源软件和商业软件的根本区别?首先应该是开发模式吧。”开源软件技术爱好者何晓龙从1999年就开始接触linux软件,戏称自己是国内最早的一批开源软件fans(爱好者)


 


?? ?自从Eric Raymond提出大教堂与大集市的软件开发模式之分后,开源软件公司多愿把自己的软件开发归结为开源社区为中心的大集市模式。不过,就在本届中国国际软件博览会上,有一家打出“中国首家开源ERP”旗号的公司,他们的开发模式却与大集市模式大相径庭。


 


??? 展台不大,位置挺偏,走访的人却来来往往,着实不少。几台笔记本,一台服务器,在软博会2号场馆东南侧的一个展台里,恩信科技搭起了一套局域网络来演示产品。


 


?? ?“这套ERP软件,全是我们公司原创。”北京恩信创业科技有限公司刘有涛总经理说,软件的发起人就是公司,并不是通过开源社区开发。最早是从2000年开始,当时公司还主要是以项目的形式开始着手。“为开源,我们准备了两年。”刘有涛先生介绍,公司今年才开始打算把这套软件的源代码开放,提供免费下载。


 


?? ?2000年开始做项目实施起家,恩信科技的技术人员曾达到过8090人规模的高峰。不过,明确做开源ERP软件之后,公司一直在减员。如今,软件开发的核心团队只有30人左右。截至目前,这些人还都是专注于软件的开发,以确保ERP软件系统的不断升级。公司提出的以服务为主的盈利模式,但目前还没有专门做这方面工作的人员。“我们现在不提供电话和上门服务。”刘有涛打开网页,上面显示已经有8000多用户下载了这套系统软件。目前,针对用户的反馈,恩信科技主要是通过电子邮件和网站上的论坛。


 


?? ?这套应用JAVA语言开发的B/S架构的ERP系统,支持局域网结构和互联网。用刘有涛的话说,就是只要有浏览器和网络,就可以应用。整套系统包括以下几个流程模块:客户关系、产品设计、生产管理、库存管理、财务系统、采购管理、委外管理、协同办公、资金控制、人力资源、系统安全。流程上看,从物料分析、采购,到应收、应付帐款,一应俱全。此外,还有两个附加模块。技术安全模块,是帮助用户对系统安全进行管理;开发管理模块则是便于开发商在系统上面做一些增值开发,为技术人员提供导航。


 


?? ?“在开发环境下打开系统,你就能看到整个ERP系统开发的源代码。”刘有涛的笔记本密密麻麻列出一行行的软件代码。通过公司的互联网网站,每个用户都可以免费下载这些源代码。“在下载的时候,用户需要做一个注册,网站会显示协议。”打开协议,刘有涛表示,公司参考了国际上的诸如GPL协议之类的开源软件协议,并结合了软件自身的特点制定。根据协议,用户可以下载、修改软件。


 


?? ?“我们只保留品牌,其他所有内容都要开放。”刘有涛认为,公司的盈利模式将建立在软件免费,服务收费的基础上。他相信,ERP软件的用户,在使用过程中会有个性化的要求,这就要求技术人员去帮助用户做二次开发。这些服务,客户是需要缴费的,能够创造收入。通过了实地软件开发演练,恩信科技相信自己将来的角色则是培训这些技术人员如何进行二次开发。“ERP软件是开源的,但我们的开发工具不是开源的。”刘有涛举例说,就像生产出来的桌子是开源的,谁都能用。但制作这个桌子的工具却不是开源的,能够免费使用。


 


?? ?“我们想打破某些公司的垄断局面。” 刘有涛认为,开源ERP至少为企业用户选型时,提供了一个选择。他相信这会为中小企业创造机会利润。“我的老家在东北。那里一个小企业都可能需要和日本或韩国的商家来往。”刘有涛来自辽宁,他认为,就是一个三个人的企业,也可能需要ERP软件,需要进行国际贸易。“不能一谈国际化,就是跨国企业五百强啊。”刘有涛笑道。 


 


?? ?虽然软件是公司开发,刘有涛表示正在“开源中国社区”接洽,希望将来把软件放进开源社区。未来软件的升级,也可能会在开源社区里进行。对于这种模式,何晓龙认为很正常,殊途同归挺好。“开源是个开放的观点。只要你接受我的理念,遵守我的规则,就可以。”这位开源软件爱好者说。而红帽公司中国区总经理陈实则有不同的看法,他更愿把这表述为“狭义的开源模式。” 


 


?? ?协作开发:三个臭皮匠,顶个诸葛亮 


 


?? ?“开源并不是说开放源代码就OK的,还需要社区的人气。”陈实认为,开源社区里的协作开发,能够保证创新更多出现。中国古话中有三个臭皮匠,顶个诸葛亮的说法,从这个比喻出发,他认为开源社区的开发模式与商业软件大教堂式的集中开发模式相比,有自己的优势。 


 


?? ?1993年成立,总部位于美国北卡罗莱纳州罗利市,红帽(redhat)公司是全球领先的开放源代码解决方案提供商。1999年在NASDAQ上市,在全球拥有26个分支机构。 


 


?? ?“国内某些开源软件公司的做法,我们把它叫作quasi open(伪开源)。”红帽公司中国区总经理陈实认为,任何纯粹的开源模式,都需要开源社区去leverage(杠杆作用),去驱动。而国内某些开源软件公司的做法则违背了这条原则。 


 


?? ?陈实指出,国内的有些开源公司,经常是在开源软件在社区里发展到某一个阶段,将其最核心的部分拿出来,然后在其基础上进行一个开发。一旦过了一个阶段,软件跟不上主流社区的发展了,就再打一个attach(补丁)。一旦真的到了quit moment(停止时刻),没办法,只能升级。接着就是继续打attach(补丁)。陈实认为,这种短视的做法,注定会逐渐和主流社区偏离。他介绍说,红帽linux软件产品在发展工程中会不但review(回顾)。就是有了新的发展,就拿到社区,随着社区的发展,系统也日渐完善。“开源,这不只是编码的问题,而是开发心态和开发模式的问题。”陈实说。 


 


?? ?以红帽为例,Linux开源社区里有15000多个package(文件包)。但红帽在商业推广中使用的只有1500package(文件包)。社区是动态、不断发展的,但企业用户却希望得到的是一个稳定的平台。


 


?? ?没有公司希望新系统软件刚认证了两天,又得升级。如何解决这个矛盾?红帽通过自己的Fedora来解决(见图1)。这个Fedora5000package(文件包),可以把它融入社区之后,让大家不断地往里面放东西。它是一项开源社区整合开发社区资源的努力。在这里,每六个月是一个发布周期,而红帽企业linux软件的发布周期是1218个月。只有等技术人员对软件包修改之后,稳定下来。在这个基础上,红帽才对企业客户提供支持和服务,以及培训。


 


?? ?Red Hat企业级产品采用的是订阅模式的购买方式,从操作系统到集群产品到应用服务器产品,都通过订阅模式的方式。通过订阅不同的频道或功能,客户可以根据自己的需要选择。在订阅期内客户可以完成系统的实时更新、bug的修复、错误的更正、新功能的添加。同时客户也可以更据自己需求,灵活地选择订阅的功能频道和时间,得到Red Hat公司的全程的服务和支持。


 


?? ?2001年开始,何晓龙,这位开源软件爱好者就开始使用红帽linux软件。最初,用的是不支持中文的linux 7.0,直到7.2版本才开始支持中文。在他看来,国内开源社区的发展更能为开源软件发展做出更多的社会贡献,尽管并不顺利。


 


?? ?开源社区如何走长远?


 


??? 当1999年首次在展会上接触开源软件的时候,何晓龙感受最深的是好奇和陌生。那时,他刚进入北京一所大学读一年级,学的专业是计算机网络,自己连一台电脑都没有。“说实话,当时的想法就是既然有了成熟的windowsunix操作系统,它跑出来有什么价值?”不过,憨态可掬的logo-TUX企鹅很快打动了他,惊喜占据了头脑。从此,他踏上自由软件之旅。


 


?? ?2000年,开始接触网络,何晓龙最开始经常上的国内开源社区网站是linuxbyte.net。这是一个曾经非常火爆,很受欢迎的网站。何晓东回忆,当时这个网站的注册会员是可以将自己看到的新闻自由地发布到其新闻栏目。一次在展会上看到永中软件公司推出的支持Linux得开源办公软件,何晓龙就把这条消息写成150字的新闻放了上去。但如今,这个网站,已经难觅踪迹了。


 


?? ?“可能主要是没有经济来源,网站页面连广告都没有,很纯粹。完全由个人力量来支持。”何晓龙感叹,因为这些开源社区多是个人爱好,很难维持下去。


 


?? ?尽管开源社区发展不易,但并不乏探索者。王开源是新近创建的开源社区OSDN的总监。这家由百联美达美公司创建的开源社区旨在为所有中文开源爱好者提供全面开源软件开发、交流等服务。王开源表示,社区创建过程,全部都是基于开源技术来做。而一旦平台建设完成,将会全部开放。“让开源技术爱好者加入进来,在我们的领导下,不断地把开源技术和开源平台发展起来,同时让社区充满开源文化。”王开源表示。


 


?? ?谈到社区的可持续发展,王开源表示,社区会着力发扬开源社区的精神,随着社区的发展,公司会探索开源社区的商业回报。


 


?? ?“希望社会各界能给开源社区稍微一些支持,他就能生存下去,为开源软件做出很大的贡献。”何晓龙这样认为。此外,他上学期间还参与过linuxsir开源社区文档组的建设,当时主要是负责图形图像那块。由于之前有积累,何晓龙把自己熟悉的内容写出来,文档大概有有6兆左右,就传了上去。大学毕业,工作一忙,这些工作反而做得少了。“现在,我每天还会去那些社区看,不过都是看业界动态,保持潜水了。”何晓龙微笑着耸了耸肩。


 


??? ?问应用,不问开源与否


 


?? ?6月4,北京大学英杰中心,一场数字版权管理——开放标准与开放源代码的研讨会正在进行。来自美国的视频编码标准MPEG之父Leonardo Chiariglione先生从价值链角度阐述了开放标准对产业发展的益处。


 


??? 会后,Leonardo Chiariglione先生表示:“开放源代码在中国有强劲的发展动力,而且其重要性正在被人们日益认识到。”这次中国之行,他的重点是推介数字媒体计划DMPDigital Media Project)。


 


?? ?2003年,他发起数字媒体计划,三年来,DMP在标准制定方面取得了巨大成就。他的梦想是采用开放源代码的方式实现这套标准并在全球推广。“DMP开放源代码行动的理想起点是中国北京。” Leonardo Chiariglione先生认为。


 


?? ?“不要问是否开源软件,而要看他为用户带来何种便利和创造多少价值。”研究机构Gartener的副总裁及研究总监韦迪安在63日软博会的中国软件投融资峰会上这样评述。


 


?? “LinuxWindows,作为两种操作系统,都有存在的理由,都有使用的根据。”中国开源软件推进联盟副秘书长袁萌认为,在将来,二者将共存于一个软件生态链之中。


 


?? ?而对何晓龙来说,“我既精通windows,也喜欢开源软件,没感到有什么不同。”


 


?? ?资料链接


 


?? ?“开放源码”一词来源于199823号在加州的Palo Alto召开的一个战略研讨会。参加会议的有Todd Anderson, 来自Foresight研究所Chris Peterson,来自Linux国际协会的John Hall Larry Augustin,有硅谷Linux用户协会的Sam Ockman,以及Eric Raymond


 


??? ?Palo Alto头脑风暴会议产生了“开放源码”这一术语,在随后的一星期内,Bruce PerensESR发布了www.opensource.org,并申请了“开放源码”认证标志。


 


??? ?一些Open-source许可证类型


 


??? BSD(Berkeley Source Distribution)许可证:它要求版权和著者身份申明


 


??? ?GPL:通用公共许可证(CopyLeft)禁止派生或分发产品的限制。


 


??? LGPL:库通用许可证,它不同于GPL许可证,在这个许可证下,库(函数库)可以自由地联接到私有软件。


 


     Artistic License: 使作者保持对进一步开发的控制。


 


    NPL(Netscape Public Lincense):基于GPL精神的新的许可证,但是保持了对源码更多的控制和所有权。


 


     Public Domain/Not Copyrighted/No Restrictions: 通常用于决定性的算法以鼓励广泛使用,通常由美国政府使用。

Posted on June 14, 2006 9:16 PM | | Comments (0) | TrackBacks (0)

这两天装上了 Gallery 2.1 (http://jesse.blogs-china.com/gallery), 觉得很不错,比以前用过的 Coppermine 好用,介绍给大家有兴趣可以试一下。



Gallery 是一个非常有名的免费开源图库相册软件,基于 PHP 和 MySQL, PostgreSQL 等数据库。功能非常强大,有丰富的扩展可以下载,安装很简单,环境符合后,按照提示一路 continue 就行了。 Gallery 的界面定制不复杂,只有几个模版文件,也有很多免费的皮肤可以下载,因为是一套老程序了,国外有很多人为它服务,免费皮肤很容易找到。


语言方面,已经有了简体、繁体中文的语言文件支持,编码是 UTF-8, 符合国际标准。Gallery 现在的稳定版是 2.0.3, 另外也有 2.1 的每夜构建版可以下载,每夜版也是相当稳定的,这次我安装的就是每夜版。


与 Coppermine 相比, Gallery 的功能更强大一些,扩展更丰富。安装方面 Coppermine 简单一些,只有3步,Gallery 10来步。 模版定制上 Coppermine 比较复杂,虽然文件不多,但各项语法比较费事,不是很直观的 html,需要用到一些 PHP, 相比 Gallery 的模版定制更简单一些。


Gallery 的系统要求:


* 平台 - UNIX (BSD, Linux, …) or Windows
* 网络服务器 - Apache, Microsoft IIS, Zeus, …
* PHP - PHP 4.1.0 或更高, PHP safe_mode 必须关闭
* 图片处理库 - ImageMagick, NetPBM. Gallery 2 还加上了对 GD 和 GraphicsMagick 的支持。
* 数据库 (Gallery 2) - MySQL 3.x, 4.x or 5.x, PostgreSQL 7.x or 8.x, Oracle 9i or 10g, DB2 8.2 (Gallery 1.x 不使用数据库)


相关链接:


1, Gallery 2.0.3 下载 (如果下载打不开,请使用代理,它连接到的是 SourceForge 下载。共分为3个安装包,主要是里边包含的模块多少不一样,全部都有的解压后30M左右,典型的16M左右,最小的安装包 7/8M)
2, Gallery 2.1 RC 1b 每夜构建版下载
3, 主题,模块下载更多请看站长世界的讨论:
http://www.chinawebmasterworld.com/forums/index.php?showtopic=372



Posted on April 27, 2006 10:01 AM | | Comments (0) | TrackBacks (0)

开源的CMS基本上是php的天下,选择时主要看授权模式,不过很多人不关心这个插件和模版的数量,开发社区是否活跃。有更多的人参与你才能源源不断地获得资源中文的支持系统需求,支持那些数据库,这会影响对空间的选择扩展性,不过不是所有的人都有能力和兴趣自己做扩展。

 Mambo 曼波

http://www.mamboserver.com/

http://www.mambors.org/

http://www.mamboforge.net

中文站点:

http://www.mambochina.net/

http://www.mambo.cn

Mambo是一个老牌的opensource建站程序,获得过“最佳开源方案”,“年度最佳自由软件项目”等很多奖, 国外比较热门,但是在中国不够热,中文支持比较弱,中文资源相对来说不够多。

 

Joomla 逐浪

http://www.joomla.org/

中文站点:

http://www.mambo.cn/

http://www.joomla.org.cn/

Mambo的分支,Mambo核心开发团队另起炉灶的产品。,2005年度最佳Linux开放源码系统奖(八卦来自bbs.joomla.org.cn)

曼波开源核心开发团队致社区的公开信

致社区的公开信

--曼波开源核心开发团队

越来越多的人关注曼波开源项目,曼波商会 ( Mambo Foundation Inc *) 应运而生,它的初衷是为了更好的发展曼波。我们,曼波核心开发团队,一致认为:

1、所谓开源项目,是致力于开发一个免费的和开放源码的软件的人们,组成一个团队而服务社会的行为。

2、开源项目体现协作精神,并享受协作过程带来的乐趣。它存储社区的信息反馈,提供好的管理,允许商业机构放心地投资于它的开发。

开源项目对任何人都敞开大门,欢迎那些能贡献价值和愿意在社区一起工作的人加入。

我们,曼波开发团队,认真关注曼波商会及其和社区的关系。我们坚信,曼波的未来,应该由使用者的需求以及开发者的能力所掌握。然而,曼波商会却受Miro公司所控制,因此商会同社区之间的自由协作将变得不再现实。

1、曼波商会组建之初,并没有听取曼波核心开发团队们的意见。我们、社区成员,对曼波的管理和未来的发展方向,没有任何的发言权。由开发团队组成的曼波筹委会和 Miro 公司的代表,联合组成曼波商会,并成立第一届理事会。但 Miro公司的CEO Peter Lamont完全将商会置于自己的控制之下,在没有和开发团队的两名代表,Andrew Eddie和Brian Teeman商议的情况下,擅自任命了理事会成员。

2、尽管Lanmont先生向曼波筹委会许诺把Mambo的版权转移给商会,但Miro公司现在拒绝这么做。

我们将要做的是:在GNU规范下继续开发和改善这个获多项大奖的开源软件。我们希望Miro公司及曼波商会一路走好,很遗憾,我们不能够再和他们继续合作。我们听取了软件自由法律中心关于这次事件的建议,将很快就近期发展计划发布更多的信息。

2005年8月17日,曼波开发团队:

Andrew Eddie

Emir Sakic

Andy Miller

Rey Gigataras

Mitch Pirtle

Tim Broeker

Alex Kempkens

Arno Zijlstra

Jean-Marie Simonet

Levis Bisson

Andy Stewart

Peter Russell

Brad Baker

Brian Teeman

Michelle Bisson

Trijnie Wanders

Rey Gigataras

Shayne Bartlett

Nick Annies

Johan Janssens

The name Joomla! is a phonetic spelling for the Swahili word "Jumla", which means "all together" or "as a whole"

Swahili -- 斯瓦希里人,穆斯林民族中的主要一支,居住在东非从索马里到莫桑比克的沿海和岛屿上。斯瓦希里语作为坦桑尼亚官方语言的斯瓦希里班图语,在东非或中东非被广泛地用作通用交际语言。

drupal

http://drupal.org/

Drupal模块功能一览

http://www.verydummy.com/drupal_demo/node/8

一些Drupal中文网站供参考

http://www.todaylog.com/node/44

 

PhpNuke

http://www.phpnuke.org/

中文站点:

http://www.postnuke.cn/

http://www.postnuke.ws/

老牌的CMS工具了,最早的php cms工具,用户很多,能找到很多phpnuke搭建的中文站点。最新的版本是7.9,功能很丰富,社区也很活跃。

 

postnuke

www.postnuke.com

中文站点:

http://www.postnuke.cn

phpnuke的分支,目标是在更少代码,更少的服务器负担,更多模版地情况下实现phpNuke的功能,Postnuke在显示上和php-nuke非常相似,但是postnuke功能更多。

 

XOOPS

http://sourceforge.net/projects/xoops

http://www.xoops.org/

中文站点:

http://xoops.org.cn/

PostNuke的分支,最近很流行,插件很多,中文支持得也不错,模块组合的能力强大,wordpress,osCommerce, ipb等很多工具都可以整合成为XOOPS的模块。(www.xoops.org.cn/)

XOOPS - eXtensible Object Oriented Portal System, 面向对象的可扩展门户系统XOOPS 框架稳定灵活,适应于web2.0 的各类功能的开发与集成,目前已经实现各类 RSS/ATOM 资源管理,集成 WordPress 等著名blog系统和各类wiki管理系统,并实现与 Flickr, Delicious, Technorati 等社会资源的互动。

 

xaraya

http://www.xaraya.com/

中文站点:

http://zh.xaraya.com/

xaraya也是nuke系列发展起来的,基本摆脱了Nuke架构的束缚,架构上兼具 PostNuke/Drupal的优点,评价很高,模块开发潜力大,但是汉化进展缓慢更多的可以查看www.opensourcecms.com 。
dotnetnuke用过一段时间,已经决定放弃继续使用了。

Posted on April 27, 2006 9:59 AM | | Comments (0) | TrackBacks (0)
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Posted on April 26, 2006 7:38 PM | | Comments (0) | TrackBacks (0)
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